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fibroid tumor (myoma)

Fibroid tumours are non-cancerous masses that form on or in the wall of the uterus. They are present in one in four women in their thirties and forties. They can block the fallopian tubes and prevent the implantation and healthy development of the embryo. Sometimes they do not have any affect on fertility or pregnancy, but they may sometimes increase the risk of a miscarriage. The consequences of fibroids depend on where they are found and how many there are.

symptoms
cause
treatment

symptoms

Almost half affected women report painful or heavy menstrual cycles. Other symptoms include pressure or pain in the abdomen and pelvis and a slightly swollen stomach.

Examination
Diagnostic aids such as a transvaginal ultrasound, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy or laparoscopy are used to diagnose fibroids.

cause

Excessive oestrogen levels can cause fibroids.

treatment

Surgical treatments such as hysteroscopy and laparoscopy are often used to remove fibroids - a procedure termed myomectomy. Treatment with drugs such as GnRH-agonists (for example, Lucrin) can reduce the size of fibroids, by suppressing the secretion of estrogen. Combination treatments also occur. Low doses of oral contraceptives can help to restrict the growth of myomas - but are obviously not useful in women who are trying to have a child.

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